EXTEMPORANEOUS COMPOUNDING CONTEST

INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS WITH ESSENTIAL SKILLS FOR PHARMACY PRACTICE

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5 Categories 30 Questions

How long is a prescription for controlled substance valid for? List TWO legal issues in the attached prescription that may prevent you from dispensing it, according to Federal law.

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Category 1

How long is a prescription for controlled substance valid for?

6 months

List TWO legal issues in the attached prescription that may prevent you from dispensing it, according to Federal law.

1. Incorrect date, 2. Prescriber's signature is missing, 3. DEA number is not valid

List TWO clinical issues that may prevent you from dispensing the prescription as indicated in the attached image.

1. Incorrect dose (overdose) for the pet, 2. Incorrect frequency for the pet

What would you do if a patient ran out of their medication and comes to your pharmacy without any valid prescription?

Contact the prescriber and prepare and "emergency supply" for the patient.

Benzocaine lozenges, shown in the attached image, was dispensed to a patient for the treatment of sore throat. What is the clinical consequence if the patient swallowed the lozenges?

Lack of sustained local effect.

What is the main reason for telling your patient to take omeprazole oral suspension 15 - 60 minutes before eating?

1. Food stimulates production of acid in the stomach.2. Acid destroys omeprazole very quickly.

Category 2

What type of bin would you use to dispose of syringes and needles in the compounding lab?

Sharps Container

How do we sterilize pharmaceutical solutions in the compounding lab?

Filtration through membrane filters (0.22 or 0.45 microns).

What method of comminution is used to reduce the particle size of Gum Arabic?

Pulverization by Intervention.

Atropine sulfate is an efflorescent powder which could give off its water of hydration during storage and become sticky. What formulation technique would you use to prevent this problem?

Incorporate an inert absorbent e.g. light magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate. OR Use the anhydrous for of the drug.

Which type of emulsion will produce the result shown in the attached image when tested with Cobalt chloride paper?

Oil-in-water emulsion; water-in-oil-in-water emulsions

Give two reasons you have to cool the Artificial Tears ophthalmic solution to lower temperature before adding benzalkonium chloride as the preservative.

1. Benzalkonium chloride degrades above 81oC2. It produces toxic fumes at higher temperatures above 81oC3. It loses its preservative action at higher temperatures.

Category 3

What type of eye condition is shown in the attached image?

Dry Eyes

Solid powders that absorb moisture from the environment and turn to liquid are called .

Deliquescent powders / mixtures

Most lubricating agents are hydrophobic in nature. Give one example of hydrophilic lubricants.

Polyethylene glycol.

The two USP Chapters that provide Guidelines for the compounding of Non-sterile and sterile preparations are and .

Chapter 795, and Chapter 797

What class of ointment bases could facilitate percutaneous absorption?

Water soluble bases (PEG, Polybase).

Sorbitol has many uses in drug delivery. What is the practical use of sorbitol in soft capsule shell formulation?

Plasticizer

Category 4

What is the minimum weighable quantity on the balance shown in the attached image if the permissible error is 2%?

50 mg.

If the powder fill weight of a size #1 capsule shell is 250 mg, tapped density is 0.8 g/mL, and the standard fill volume is 0.5 mL, how much diluent (in mg) would you require to fill the capsule shell?

150 mg.

You were asked to prepare 50 piroxicam 15 mg capsules using sufficient amount of lactose. If the average weight of empty #1 capsule shell is 76 mg and the capacity is equivalent to 500 mg of lactose, what is the ideal capsule weight and the acceptable range?

576 mg [518.4 mg - 633.6 mg]

Frederick is taking ONE citalopram 20 mg tablet daily. His medication was switched to citalopram oral solution due to swallowing difficulty. If citalopram solution is approximately 20% higher bioavailability than tablets, and 1 oral drop of citalopram solution contains 2 mg of citalopram, how many drops should be prescribed for Frederick in order to achieve the same dose equivalence?

8 drops daily.

Visine Advanced eye drops contains 0.5 mg/mL of Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride. How many milligrams of tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride would a patient recieve each day if they apply two drops into each eye four times daily? 1 drop = 0.05 mL.

0.4 mg

Xerophthalmia, shown in the attached image, is a common cause of night blindness. This severe clinical condition is caused by .

Retinol deficiency; Vitamin A deficiency.

Category 5

When patients apply their eye drops, they may feel the nasty taste of the medication in their mouth. What should you tell them to do in order to avoid feeling the taste of the drug?

Press the inner corner of their eyes with one finger for one minute.

What is the therapeutic advantage of combining Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminum hydroxide oral suspensions?

Potential side effects (diarrhea and constipation) are eliminated.

Ampicillin infusion must not be prepared in glucose or lactate infusion fluid because .

Ampicillin degrades to dacarbazine which is carcinogenic.

At which stage of drug development would the efficacy of the drug be determined?

Phase II Clinical Trial

What is the name of the microorganism that causes resistant vaginal thrush? .

Candida glabrata.

Name one excipient in the troche formulation that provides demulcent effects for the relief of throat irritation due to cough or abraded tissue.

Sorbitol; sugar

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