Test #1 Review

Chapters 1 and 2

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6 Categories 30 Questions

Name 2 units in the SI system and 2 units in the USC system Define mass, volume, and matter

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Category 1

Name 2 units in the SI system and 2 units in the USC system

SI: meters, kilograms / US: pounds, feet

Define mass, volume, and matter

Mass: a measure of inertia Volume: how much space it takes up Matter: anything that takes up space and has mass

What is a unit? (Giving examples rather than a definition will be counted as incorrect)

A standard quantity that is used to measure other quantities

How many micrograms are in a gram? How many nanograms are in a gram?

Microgram: 1 million Nanogram: 1 billion

Convert 150 Tm to nm

1.5 x 10^23 nm

Category 2

Convert 24 inches to feet

2.0 feet

Convert 12 kilograms to grams

12,000 grams

What is a unit conversion factor?

Sample: An equivalency that is used to change the units but not the value

Convert 18 m/s to ft/min

3500 feet/min

Convert 1500 m^3 to km^3, in scientific notation

1.5 x 10^-6 km^3

Category 3

Explain the difference between accuracy and precision

Accuracy is how close it is to accepted standard, precision is how close it is to other measurements

Is percent error a measure of accuracy or precision? Explain your answer

Accuracy, since your benchmark is the accepted standard not another measurement

What is the correct answer with significant figures: 0.50 x 10.0

5.0

4. What is the correct answer with significant figures: 85.47g – 4.2g

81.3 g

You are doing a lab and should get an alcohol sample that burns for 35 seconds. Your sample burns for 28 seconds. What is the percent error?

20. %

Category 4

Matching: proton, neutron, electron a. Identity of the element b. Isotopes c. Behavior of the atom

Identity of element: proton Isotopes: neutrons Behavior: electron

Matching: JJ Thomson, Dalton, Rutherford a. Atoms combine in whole number ratios b. Gold foil experiment c. Plum pudding model

Atoms combine in whole number ratios: Dalton Gold foil experiment: Rutherford Plum pudding model: JJ Thomson

3. Who concluded that atoms were mostly empty space, and how did they do it?

Rutherford, when he shot the alpha beams through gold foil and found that most of the beams passed through

Which point of Dalton’s 5 point theory did JJ Thomson disprove?

Atoms are indivisible

What was the original name for the electron?

The corpuscle

Category 5

How is an element different from a compound, and how is a homogeneous mixture different from a heterogeneous mixture?

Elements are composed of the same type of atom, compounds are different elements bonded together. Homogeneous mixtures have a uniform composition, unlike heterogeneous ones

How is a pure substance different from a mixture?

Sample: Pure substances have a constant chemical makeup

Is corrosion a chemical or physical change? Explain

Sample: Chemical, since it involves a change in the chemical properties of the metal when it reacts with something like bacteria or hydrogen

Explain what the Tyndall effect is

When light is passed through a colloid, the tiny particles cause the light to scatter

Reading: Suspensions and colloids are two types of heterogeneous mixtures. Which one of these has particles that will settle over time (and why?)

Suspensions have particles with a larger size than colloids

Category 6

What is a mole, and what is density?

Mole: an amount of substance that contains 6.022 x 10^23 particles Density: how much matter there is in a given quantity of volume

A sample has a mass of 10 grams and a volume of 20 mL. What is the density in g/mL?

0.5 g/mL

Find the number of moles in 1.8 x 10^28 particles of nitrogen

3.0 x 10^4 moles

A sample has a volume of 0.0080 L and a density of 48 g/mL. What is the mass?

380 g

Your prepper dad has stored up 40.0 kg of gold over the last several years. How many atoms of gold is this?

1.22 x 10^26 atoms

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